BUDAYA PATRIARKI DAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA TERHADAP PEREMPUAN: KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI TENTANG RELASI KUASA DAN KETIMPANGAN GENDER DALAM KELUARGA

Abstract

Patriarchal culture, which places men in a dominant position within the family, remains a contributing factor to domestic violence against women. This study aims to analyze the forms of patriarchal culture and their impact on domestic violence in Berare Village, Moyo Hilir District, Sumbawa Regency. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. The research findings showed that patriarchal culture is systematically manifested through four main mutually reinforcing dimensions. First, rigid gender role divisions position men as breadwinners and sole decision-makers, while women bear the entire domestic burden even when they also work outside the home. Second, economic control in the form of restricting women’s access to employment, education, and mobility. Third, the socialization of patriarchal values, which begins at an early age and is reinforced by local customs that demand unconditional obedience from wives and make violence a normalized consequence. Fourth, social institutions, ranging from community leaders, gender-biased religious interpretations, to customary philosophies, function to legitimize and reproduce male dominance across generations. These four dimensions collectively create structural conditions in which physical, psychological, and economic violence against women is justified by some perpetrators and tolerated by communities. Based on Talcott Parsons’ Structural Functionalism theory, this condition indicates the existence of dysfunction within the family system that leads to gender inequality.