KEBIJAKAN AFFIRMATIVE ACTION 30% KUOTA PEREMPUAN: IMPLEMENTASI DALAM PEMILU LEGISLATIF DI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA TAHUN 2024

Abstract

The low level of women's representation in legislative institutions indicates that the implementation of the 30% affirmative quota has not yet resulted in substantive political representation. This study aims to examine the implementation of the 30% women's quota affirmative action policy in the 2024 Legislative Election in Sumbawa Regency, focusing on the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), the National Democratic Party (NasDem), and the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDIP), as well as to analyze the factors influencing its implementation. This study employed a qualitative method with a comparative study approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. The findings indicate that all three political parties complied with the 30% women's quota requirement in their legislative candidate lists. However, its implementation continues to face challenges, including deeply rooted patriarchal culture, limited political capacity and resources among women, and insufficient party support for female candidates. Conversely, party commitment, cadre development, political education, and supportive regulations were identified as the main factors strengthening policy implementation. The study concludes that affirmative action has expanded opportunities for women's political participation; however, achieving more substantive representation requires stronger cadre development, greater institutional support from political parties, and a more inclusive political culture.